EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SYSTEMIC BIOMARKERS AND ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN KURDISH IRAQI PATIENTS
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Acute coronary syndrome, Coronary artery disease, Homocysteine, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Risk factors
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) continues to be a major reason for global death, with multiple systemic biomarkers implicated in its pathogenesis. This clinical study was conducted to compare biochemical, hematological, homocysteine (HCY), body mass index (BMI), age, and blood pressure (BP) biomarkers, along with detecting their correlation with HCY, between ACS and healthy persons. About 70 (38-80 years) ACS and 30 (21-75 years) healthy clients in both genders, males and females, were subjected to this study. The concentrations of creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK-MB), glucose, vitamin D, uric acid, and HCY parameters were measured. Correlation of HCY with some of the measured parameters was also detected. Significantly higher HCY, CK-MB, glucose, BP, BMI, creatinine, AST, MID, RBC, MPV, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD, but significantly lower MCV, MCH, PLT, and PCT were observed in ACS patients than in controls. The other measured parameters exhibited no significant changes between the examined groups. However, the HCY level was remarkably correlated with CK-MB but didn’t show any significant correlation with age, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, glucose, uric acid, or vitamin D parameters. These findings confirm that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) is highly related to ACS and correlates with disease severity, suggesting its potential utility as a prognostic biomarker in coronary artery disease management.
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